http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola_(plant)
摘錄
Cultivars of Viola cornuta, Viola cucullata, Viola odorata, are commonly grown from seed. Other species often grown include Viola labradorica, Viola pedata and Viola rotundifolia.[7]
http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A0%87% ... C%E5%B1%9E
堇菜屬(學名:Viola),堇菜科下的一屬,約400~500種,分佈於全世界,主產地在北溫帶,此外在夏威夷、大洋洲以及南美洲安第斯山脈亦有分佈。大多為多年生草本,少數為一年生或灌木。
山羊百科堇菜屬
http://plant.climb.com.tw/modules/media ... C%E7%A7%91
Viola cucullata
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola_cucullata
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Viola_cucullata.jpg
![圖檔](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Viola_cucullata.jpg/800px-Viola_cucullata.jpg)
Viola arvensis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola_arvensis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Viola ... 160405.jpg
![圖檔](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Viola_arvensis_160405.jpg/550px-Viola_arvensis_160405.jpg)
Viola biflora
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola_biflora
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Viola ... LC0147.jpg
![圖檔](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Viola_biflore_LC0147.jpg/450px-Viola_biflore_LC0147.jpg)
Viola canina
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola_canina
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Viola_canina_3.jpg
![圖檔](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Viola_canina_3.jpg/800px-Viola_canina_3.jpg)
Viola cheiranthifolia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola_cheiranthifolia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Viola ... folia3.jpg
![圖檔](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Viola_cheiranthifolia3.jpg/800px-Viola_cheiranthifolia3.jpg)
Viola hederacea
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola_hederacea
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Viola_hedercea01.jpg
![圖檔](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Viola_hedercea01.jpg/450px-Viola_hedercea01.jpg)
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: ... flower.jpg
香堇菜
Viola odorata--Sweet Violet, English Violet, Common Violet, or Garden Violet.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola_odorata
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Viola ... 0402Aw.jpg
![圖檔](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Viola_odorata_Garden_060402Aw.jpg/559px-Viola_odorata_Garden_060402Aw.jpg)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Viola ... a_fg01.JPG
Viola pedunculata
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola_pedunculata
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Yellowpansy.jpg
![圖檔](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Yellowpansy.jpg)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Viola ... ta_000.jpg
![圖檔](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Viola_pedunculata_000.jpg)
Viola pubescens
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola_pubescens
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Viola ... 060519.PNG
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Downy ... 1964px.jpg
![圖檔](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Downy_Yellow_Violet_Viola_pubescens_Flower_1964px.jpg/800px-Downy_Yellow_Violet_Viola_pubescens_Flower_1964px.jpg)
Viola riviniana--common dog violet
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog_violet
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ulrik ... a_(by).jpg
![圖檔](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Ulrika_-_Skogsviol%2C_Viola_riviniana_%28by%29.jpg/450px-Ulrika_-_Skogsviol%2C_Viola_riviniana_%28by%29.jpg)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Viola ... (xndr).jpg
![圖檔](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Viola_riviniana-01_%28xndr%29.jpg/400px-Viola_riviniana-01_%28xndr%29.jpg)
Viola lutea--Mountain Pansy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola_lutea
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Viola ... 072003.JPG
Viola sororia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola_sororia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Viola_sororia.jpg
![圖檔](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Viola_sororia.jpg)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:VioletAlba.jpg
![圖檔](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/83/VioletAlba.jpg/570px-VioletAlba.jpg)
Viola persicifolia--fen violet
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola_stagnina
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Viola ... na2_eF.jpg
![圖檔](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Viola_stagnina2_eF.jpg/800px-Viola_stagnina2_eF.jpg)
戟葉堇菜Viola betonicifolia--Arrowhead Violet, Showy Violet or Mountain Violet
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola_betonicifolia
http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%9F% ... 7%E8%8F%9C
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Viola ... garden.jpg
![圖檔](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Viola_betonicifolia_1_mygarden.jpg/598px-Viola_betonicifolia_1_mygarden.jpg)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Viola ... garden.jpg
喜岩菫菜-Viola adenothrix Hayata var. adenothrix
http://plant.climb.com.tw/modules/media ... adenothrix
台灣堇菜(學名:Viola formosana
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E5%8F%B0 ... 7%E8%8F%9C
變種
長柄台灣堇菜(學名:Viola formosana var. kawakamii]
雪山堇菜Viola adenothrix Hayata var. tsugitakaensis (Masam.) Wang & Huang
Viola tsugitakaensis
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E9%9B%AA ... 7%E8%8F%9C
圖
http://plant.climb.com.tw/modules/media ... B%E8%8F%9C
如意草 Viola arcuata Bl.
http://plant.climb.com.tw/modules/media ... F%E8%8D%89
http://plant.climb.com.tw/modules/media ... GP6765.JPG
箭葉菫菜 Viola betonicifolia J. E. Smith
http://plant.climb.com.tw/modules/media ... B%E8%8F%9C
雙黃花菫菜 Viola biflora L.
http://plant.climb.com.tw/modules/media ... B%E8%8F%9C
短毛菫菜 Viola confusa Champ. ex Benth.
http://plant.climb.com.tw/modules/media ... B%E8%8F%9C
台北菫菜 Viola nagasawai Makino & Hayata var. nagasawai
http://plant.climb.com.tw/modules/media ... B%E8%8F%9C
台灣菫菜 Viola formosana Hayata var. formosana
http://plant.climb.com.tw/modules/media ... B%E8%8F%9C
紫花堇菜
Viola grypoceras
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E7%B4%AB ... 7%E8%8F%9C
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/File:Viol ... ceras2.JPG
紫花地丁
A
Viola philippica
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E7%B4%AB ... 0%E4%B8%81
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/File:Purp ... iolet_.JPG
B
Viola mandshurica W. Becker
http://plant.climb.com.tw/modules/media ... 0%E4%B8%81